IT for Business for Connectivity Issues -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theIT for Business for Connectivity Issues inE-trade. Answer: Presentation Data security alludes to the way toward sparing the touchy data of the organization from spillage. It encourages the association to utilize electronic programming and start exercises which actualize solid security framework in the association. The new proposes that cross-outskirt internet business exercises are to be viewed as one of the significant advancement of this field (Ahmed, and Hossain 2014). Further, the report comprises of internet business which utilizes the data security innovation. Likewise, it clarifies the four connections of internet business with digital security, the issues, and arrangements too. Despite the fact that the data security is a piece of the innovation business, in this manner wastefulness of the business hampers the development of an association. Network and Security issues The contextual investigation expresses that execution of computerized economy gives both extraordinary chances and difficulties also. In this manner, it will be noticed that data innovation is utilized astutely can make ponders for the association. Additionally, availability is the foundation of the advancement of the data security framework. Further, the significant issue of network includes four viewpoints that are: Availability for data: the article expresses that the main reason for the deals of the online business is the solid web network acquired with the business. However, there is a colossal distinction notwithstanding fullest endeavors of the Asian nations to upraise the utilization of data correspondence innovation. Taking a gander at the territorial framework of the web it tends to be said that the speed is normal, however not all individuals utilize the portable web rather the broadband and Wi-Fi administration are additionally common in the market. In this manner, the deal procedure for the business is diminished as low association because of which client gets bothered with the administrations of the online business (Chen 2017). Further, it will be realized that it unfavorably influence the security arrangement of the association, as the web network convey the information and private data of the organization starting with one source then onto the next and on the off chance that that source is broken, at that point the organization may confront issues (Niranjanamurthy, and Chahar 2013). Reserves are made by the online sites and if the speed isn't agreeable, because of which the subtleties of the exchange are put away in the PC of the individuals, and on the off chance that that data is gotten to by some outcast, at that point it can influence the development of both organization and the clients. Likewise, network in a web based business association is followed by putting resources into the fine business process, and in the event that the data innovation programming isn't proficient, at that point naturally is can placed the organization in dangers (Crossler, et. al., 2013). Calculated network: despite the fact that the web based business exercises are started on the web yet the strategic procedure is started through disconnected mode and the subtleties of calculated are conveyed to the client through online mode. In this way, if the data correspondence innovation does in give satisfactory insights concerning the coordinations then the issue can be raised by the clients of the association which can hazard the development of the organization. The ICT and data security practice adjust the working in the internet business, in this way on the off chance that one of the procedures is wastefulness, at that point the other perspective is naturally influenced by it and the development turns out to be moderate (Galliers, and Leidner 2014). Network stream income: the progression of money is the essential requirement for which the business procedure is started in the market. Furthermore, is the procedure with which income is earned in the association, and afterward the organization can't get by in since quite a while ago run. According to the income which the data security issue, in the event that the electronic framework availability isn't proficient, at that point the e-installments can lapse before time. This can raise issues as clients can say that sum is deducted from their record however it isn't conveyed to the organization (Modi, et. al., 2013). Hence, to determine this issue, the organization will guarantee appropriate availability of web in the business procedure. The security of client, the protection of exchanges is kept up with productivity web foundation as it were. As the online business is a non-physical industry consequently the client depends on the organization by taking a gander at its UI and the pict ure of the organization in the market. Altruism can be possibly kept up if the security is appropriately kept up and issues are appropriately changed by the organization (Habiba, et. al., 2016). Incorporating availability: coordinating network alludes to the way toward supporting availability by giving additional exertion in smooth working of the business. The open private organization will create co-activity with the general public so that no non-moral exercises are started (Niranjanamurthy, et. al., 2013). End Therefore in the spotlight of the previously mentioned occasions, will be noticed that in a web based business industry is it critical to start powerful web association so exchanges are held effectively without hindrance. The data innovation framework straightforwardly influences the data security arrangement of the association. As though network isn't solid then the working of the organization may lose its impact. Proposal Along these lines, by taking a gander at the above case examination it will be taken in accounts that, data security is a significant viewpoint which will be cared for the organization winning in the web based business industry. As there is no physical contact with any individual in the organization subsequently in the event that an issue happens, at that point it gets average for the organization to discover the fundamental guilty party behind the issue. In this manner, the satisfactory measure will be taken by the organization on an underlying level with the goal that future is spared. So as to keep up security and reduce digital wrongdoing, the organizations will permit the section of the clients by scrambled code as it were. This will start security of individual data of the clients. Additionally, the organization will not re-appropriate their IT related work to other organization, similarly as with this they can get to the cloud wherein vital detail of the organization is put aw ay. Just recognized individuals of the association will utilize the value touchy data. Subsequently, with these means, a web based business organization can start sufficient security of client and friends' data. References Ahmed, M. also, Hossain, M.A., 2014. Distributed computing and security issues in the cloud. Worldwide Journal of Network Security Its Applications, 6(1), p.25. Chen, L., 2017. Network issues in internet business. Seen on September 20, 2017 from https://www.bangkokpost.com/conclusion/supposition/1324759/network issues-in-internet business Crossler, R.E., Johnston, A.C., Lowry, P.B., Hu, Q., Warkentin, M. furthermore, Baskerville, R., 2013. Future bearings for conduct data security research. PCs security, 32, pp.90-101. Galliers, R.D. furthermore, Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014. Key data the executives: difficulties and methodologies in overseeing data frameworks. Routledge. Habiba, U., Masood, R., Shibli, M.A. what's more, Niazi, M.A., 2014. Cloud character the board security issues arrangements: a scientific classification. Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling, 2(1), p.5. Modi, C., Patel, D., Borisaniya, B., Patel, A. what's more, Rajarajan, M., 2013. An overview on security issues and arrangements at various layers of Cloud registering. The Journal of Supercomputing, 63(2), pp.561-592. Niranjanamurthy, M. also, Chahar, D.D., 2013. The investigation of online business security issues and arrangements. Worldwide Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 2(7). Niranjanamurthy, M., Kavyashree, N., Jagannath, S. what's more, Chahar, D., 2013. Investigation of online business and m-trade: favorable circumstances, restrictions and security issues. Universal Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 2(6).

Night Creature Blue Moon Chapter 6 Free Essays

Cadotte’s voice broke into my contemplations. â€Å"You aren’t going to let me know, are you?† â€Å"Tell you what?† â€Å"Why you’re so inspired by a wanderer wolf totem.† â€Å"I’m inquisitive. We will compose a custom article test on Night Creature: Blue Moon Chapter 6 or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now † â€Å"Funny, however you don’t appear the inquisitive type.† â€Å"You’re wrong.† I stood. â€Å"Number one on the ‘ what you should be a decent cop’list is interest. Else we wouldn’t continue asking every one of those irritating questions.† â€Å"Hmm.† He got up and walked around his work area, coming excessively close, swarming me once more. I loved my own hover of space, and he was attacking it. In any case, to chill out would mean I was anxious, that he influenced me. I was and he did, yet why told him? Maybe one of my different traits was cantankerous hardheadedness. Nah. â€Å"So, should I call you?† I expanded. â€Å"C-call me?† There went my intense young lady picture. â€Å"If I discover anything about the totem.† Obviously. The totem. Not me. Never me. Poof went my senseless female dream. â€Å"Yeah. Sure.† I uncovered a card with my different telephone numbers. He gazed at it, at that point lifted his eyes to mine. He was still excessively close. I was still not stepping back. â€Å"Jessie?† he mumbled. â€Å"Short for Jessica?† â€Å"As if.† Jessica was the name of a pink-cheeked, fair haired, unimposing ballet performer young lady. He giggled. â€Å"I can keep this?† He flicked a finger at the totem, which stayed around his work area. I faltered. In spite of the fact that I hadn’t logged the thing into proof yet, I should. Regardless of whether it implied anything or not, who could state? Perhaps William Cadotte. â€Å"For now.† I got a plain bit of paper, jotted on it, at that point cut my finger at the base. â€Å"Sign this.† He got a pen and marked before asking, â€Å"What is it?† An attorney he wasn’t. â€Å"That’s proof. You simply finished paperwork for it, yet I’ll need the thing back.† â€Å"All right.† Quietness once more. Time to bid farewell. I wasn’t sure how. â€Å"I’ll be in contact. Jessie.† The manner in which he said my name made me review the sheen of his skin in the evening glow. The manner in which his muscles had undulated, the manner in which his hoop had influenced. When was the last time I’d had intercourse? Very long, from the course of my contemplations. Dreadfully long, since I couldn’t very review. Not the when, nor the why, I could scarcely review the who. I expected to recollect that Cadotte was a specialist expert, that's it, before I made a greater numb-skull of myself than I previously had. I took a few to get back some composure and pulled out what organization habits I had. â€Å"Thanks for your time, Professor.† He took the hand I advertised. My brain went all girlie once more. I needed to realize what those dim, long fingers could do; I needed to feel those enormous, harsh palms against my skin. I needed to see everything I’ d seen the previous evening. Contact it, taste it, as well. â€Å"My companions call me Will.† He discharged my hand. Companions. Right. I was an imbecile. â€Å"I won’t,† I answered, at that point got away. Truly, my mom would be embarrassed at my conduct. This time I would have concurred with her. There was no reason for inconsiderateness, past my own feeling of deficiency and a little portion of dread that stopped hard and cool underneath my breastbone. William Cadotte terrified me, and I didn’t like it the slightest bit. So I lashed out. The need had been conceived in me some time in the past to hurt before I could be harmed, dismiss before I could be dismissed, leave before I could be left. I couldn’t change who I was inside, or out so far as that is concerned, out of nowhere become composed, lovely, and glad for it. Don’t psychoanalyze me; I’ve been doing it without anyone else's help for quite a long time. I’d had companions, yet I never let any get excessively close. I was continually hanging tight for them to turn on me as every other person had. I’d been infatuated once, directly out of secondary school. The relationship had finished gravely. Most likely on the grounds that I’d been anticipating that it should. I knew what my identity was. A decent cop. A better than average individual. Yet, a maverick. I wasn’t terrified of a lot, since I had so little to lose. Which was only the manner in which I loved it. I’d been revealing to myself this for a considerable length of time, trusting it, as well. So for what reason did I unexpectedly feel desolate and miserable in the day? I left the college and came back to the station, trusting Dr. Bozeman may have left a message, or even the report. I’d have would be advised to karma trusting the sun would ascend in the west. I recorded my own report, at that point logged the proof and put it in the proof room, leaving the paper Cadotte had marked with the rest. Since my day of work didn’t start for a few hours and I hadn’t eaten anything recently, I came back to my loft, where I made a little pizza, watched sitcoms, and did whatever it takes not to think about the case for some time. At the point when it was the ideal opportunity for work, I changed into my uniform and came back to the station. I was scarcely in the entryway before Zee began yelling. â€Å"Hell and tarnation, what were you doing at that school today, girl?† â€Å"Hello, Zee. Ideal to see you, too.† â€Å"Fuck that. You could have been killed.† â€Å"I wasn’t. Get over it.† She flickered. I was normally progressively respectful to her temperaments †or rather disposition: she just had one and it was awful. I realized she had good intentions. Zee may cuss like a development laborer, yet her bygone era childhood made her save the F-word for genuine concerns. She’d been stressed over me. I mellowed, hung over the counter, and got a faceful of smoke for my difficulty as Zee polished lighting her next cigarette off the stub of the last one. â€Å"Don’t you have some place to be?† she inquired. I gazed at her. She glared back, not in the soul to be placated †by words, at any rate. I’d get her a donut and espresso 60 minutes. Nothing said â€Å"I’m sorry† like seared mixture and caffeine. â€Å"Any messages for me?† â€Å"Did I give you any?† â€Å"Uh, no.† â€Å"Unless First and Second Shift spoiled once more, what does that mean?† Zee never alluded to different dispatchers by name. Until they’d worked here as long as she had †and nobody ever would, or could †they hadn’t earned the privilege to a name. â€Å"I surmise that implies I have no messages.† Damn, I’d need to hound Bozeman’s each progression tomorrow. â€Å"Sometimes you are unreasonably brilliant to your benefit, princess.† Zee betrayed me. I left reasoning I’d better carry back two doughnuts and espresso with creamer on the off chance that I needed to ever get into Zee’s great graces again. The night was uneventful †a pleasant change from the one preceding. I recollected that Clyde had requested that I converse with Brad and Zee, which I did. In the wake of eating both the doughnuts and drinking the entirety of the espresso, Zee consented to the insight of keeping her mouth shut about Miniwa’s little issue. Brad didn’t need pay off, only a danger, which had consistently been my claim to fame. I returned home on schedule for a change, rested until two, and set out toward the ME’s office. Dr. Bozeman ought to have had the opportunity to inspect in any event one of his bodies, if not both. Ought to have. Would have. In the event that he’d had any bodies. â€Å"What is going on here?† I yelled over the astounding clamor made by Clyde, Dr. Bozeman, and his itty-bitty secretary. My supervisor pushed the other two out of his way. â€Å"The bodies are gone.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"That’s what I said. At the point when Bozeman arrived at the beginning of today, no bodies. They could have been gone since yesterday for all we know.† He scoured his eyes. â€Å"This just makes my day.† â€Å"They couldn’t get up and run off.† I looked at the secretary. â€Å"Right?† She overlooked me. I couldn’t state that I accused her. I restored my consideration regarding Clyde. â€Å"What happened?† â€Å"No thought. Yet, we’d better find out.† Clyde enticed me away from the others. â€Å"Jessie, you aren’t going to like this, however before you detonate, hear me out.† I didn’t like it as of now, however I shrugged, so he proceeded. â€Å"The DNR is sending somebody to execute the wolf.† I squinted, grimaced, shook my head. I was unable to have heard that right. â€Å"But didn’t you let them know? That is to say, how would anyone be able to from away be greater at chasing these backwoods than †?† I severed. â€Å"You?† â€Å"Well, no doubt. You’ve consistently sent me when we experienced creature difficulty before.† â€Å"I know, and I’m sorry as hellfire about it, however I must choose between limited options. You know how the DNR is, particularly about their wolves. They’re sending a Jdger-Sucher.† â€Å"A what?† â€Å"That’s tracker searcher in German.† Clyde lifted one wide shoulder. â€Å"It’s what he calls himself.† â€Å"Who?† â€Å"Edward Mandenauer. From what I hear he’s the Special Forces of wolf hunters.† â€Å"I can’t take my rifle and shoot this thing into the following county?† â€Å"I wish. Be that as it may, this is out of my hands. The guy’s recruited and here already.† He delayed and scoured the rear of his neck as though it hurt. â€Å"I was trusting you’d go to the workplace, drive him out to the scene. I won’t have the option to today.† â€Å"You’re joking, right?† â€Å"I infrequently kid, Jessie.† How obvious. After five minutes I was at the station. First Shift was at the work area. For hell's sake, I didn’t even know her name any longer. Had I ever? I looked at the tag on her chest, however the word was excessively long and as well

Health at Every Size and Eating Disorders

Health at Every Size and Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Treatment Print Health at Every Size and Eating Disorders How Health at Every Size Can Help With Eating Disorder Recovery By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 17, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 06, 2019 More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention Eating disorders are not only about body image. Nor have they only recently arisen in response to societal pressures to be thin. In fact, eating disorders date back to at least the 13th and 14th century, when it was documented that women were fasting to demonstrate religious devotion. However, today eating disorders occur in the context of a society obsessed with thinness, afraid of fatness, and permeated with diet culture. This makes recovery more difficult. Diet Culture Impacts Eating Disorders There are few mental disorders whose behaviors the culture admires and values as greatly as the eating disorder. People commonly praise people with restrictive eating disorders for their self-control and success at dieting or commitment to exercise. Imagine being praised for the symptoms of other disorders, such as excessive worry or the inability to get out of bed due to depression?  When it becomes normal for everyday discussions to revolve around diet suggestions or the shame of eating tasty food, recovery becomes even harder. Research on Weight Stigma The focus on eradicating obesity leads to discrimination and stigmatization of people living in larger bodies. In turn, this stigma encourages numerous negative psychological and health consequences. Studies have shown that weight stigma increases unhealthy eating behaviorsâ€" including binge eatingâ€"and decreases participation in physical activity. Weight stigma also has been shown to lead to depression, stress, low self-esteem, and negative body image. In fact, many of the negative health consequences commonly attributed to greater weight are now believed to be exacerbated by weight stigma itself. Weight Loss Research Most individuals are unable to maintain weight loss long-term. Estimates indicate that no more than 20 percent  of participants who complete weight-based lifestyle interventions maintain this weight loss one year later. By the second year, this percentage drops even further. Research shows that after five years participants regained, on average, 77 percent of their initial weight loss. Dieters often also gain back more than they initially lostâ€"a phenomenon called “dieting up the scale.” Diet failure can also lead to weight cycling: alternating periods of weight loss and weight gain. Weight cycling has been shown to lead to psychological and health problems. In addition, it can lead to reduced metabolic energy expenditure, which makes regain more likely. What Is Health at Every Size? Health at Every Size (R) (HAES) is an approach to health that shifts the focus from weight to health. It is a new philosophy that has emerged primarily since the late 1990s. It is promoted by the Association for Size Diversity and Health (ASDAH), who owns the phrase as a registered trademark. The primary goal of HAES is to promote healthy behaviors for people of all sizes. HAES is grounded in five principles: Weight Inclusivity: acceptance that bodies naturally come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and no size of body is inherently better than any other size of bodyHealth Enhancement: the focus on health rather than weight and attendance to additional disparities that contribute to health including economic, social, spiritual, emotional, and physical factors.Respectful Care: acknowledgment of weight bias and weight-based discrimination, and the commitment to work towards its end. This involves the adoption of an intersectional lens to understand different identities such as race, body size, gender, sexual identity, etc.Eating for Well-Being: flexible, individualized eating based on hunger, satiety, nutritional needs, and pleasureâ€"not external eating guidelines focused on weight control.Life-Enhancing Movement: encouragement of enjoyable physical activities for people in a range of bodies with a range of abilities, to the extent that they wish to participate. Does Research Support HAES? Several clinical trials comparing HAES to conventional obesity treatment have been conducted. Evidence from these six studies indicates that a HAES approach led to improvements in physiological, behavioral, and psychological measures. Subjects exhibited statistically and clinically-relevant improvements in blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels. They also displayed increased physical activity and decreased eating disorder symptoms and had increased self-esteem. No studies found any negative consequences associated with the HAES interventions. Subjects who received HAES interventions seemed to stay in the program longer. This is promising, considering that patients in weight loss programs often drop out How a HAES Approach Helps With Recovery Weight recovery is a prerequisite for recovery from anorexia nervosa. Aside from the necessity of restoring lost weight for patients with restrictive eating disorders, the treatment of eating disorders should not aim to address weight issues. Weight loss has not proven effective for patients with binge eating disorder. There is growing evidence that individuals who try to lose weight and maintain a suppressed weightâ€"that is, a weight lower than a previous higher weightâ€"are at increased risk for binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa. Individuals with bulimia nervosa who maintain a suppressed weight are less likely to fully recover. A persistent focus on limiting weight gain or losing weight can drive and maintain eating disorder behaviors. Research shows that continued focus on weight loss as a goal can lead to food and body preoccupation, eating disorders, weight stigma, and reduced self-esteem. Conventional thinking suggests that feeling bad about one’s body would motivate behavioral changes that promote weight loss; in fact, the opposite is true. Feeling bad about one’s body drives more destructive behaviors. By contrast, body acceptance can help promote healthier behaviors. Renouncing the dieting mindset and returning forbidden foods back into their diet can be a formidable challenge for patients surrounded by friends and family who talk about losing weight or avoiding certain foods. Adopting a HAES mindset can challenge the veneration of thinner bodies and promote body acceptance. The HAES approach shifts the focus from an individuals lack of conformity to the thin ideal to the recognition that the problem is in societys diet culture. It encourages you to accept your body’s setpoint: the weight to which your body tends to return when you don’t fixate on weight loss and instead respond to your body’s natural cues for hunger and fullness; the weight you to which you return between diets; and the weight you maintain without a lot of effort. This is the weight your body wants to be. While a HAES approach acknowledges a correlation between higher weight  and certain medical conditions, it questions whether this relationship is purely causal. The data suggest that behavior change may play a greater role in health improvement than weight loss itself.  We know that weight loss rarely works, and when it does, people lose only a modest amount of weight and maintain even less of it. Is weight loss, rather than an important end in itself, just an occasional and incidental result of the health improvements driven by these behaviors? Each body is different. Humans naturally come in all varieties of shapes and sizes. It can be hard to remember this in a world where  dolls  our children play with are all white and svelte. The shape and size of our bodies are largely determined by genetics, just as is the color of our eyes and skin. A HAES approach allows you to trust your body to maintain the body size and shape that is right for you. The HAES approach advocates for intuitive eatingâ€"listening to and acting on internal hunger and satiety cues and preferences. Those in recovery who have previously allowed proscriptive external diet rules to drive their food decisions may be especially helped by the HAES approach. HAES also recommends pleasurable movementâ€"exercising for the goal of pleasure rather than weight loss. Decoupling exercise from weight loss is challenging for many patients with eating disorders. How Can I Learn About HAES? There are many ways to learn more about HAES. Check out the following resources. Websites The Association for Size Diversity and Health (ASDAH) provides many educational resources and a list of providers.The HAES Pledge, Registry, and Resource List also provides resources and a provider directory. Video The Problem With Poodle Science by The Association for Size Diversity and Health is ?an animated video exposing the limitations of current research on weight and health Books Health at Every Size: The Surprising Truth About Your Weight, by Linda Bacon, Ph.D. addresses weight myths and gives the science behind HAES.Body Respect: What Conventional Health Books Leave Out, Get Wrong, or Just Plain Fail to Understand about Weight, by Linda Bacon, Ph.D., and Lucy Aphramor, Ph.D., RD includes the latest science on diets and health and why diets fail. It teaches how to adopt a HAES approach. There are also many blogs and social media groups and accounts focused on Health at Every Size. Try searching for #HAES online to find connections.

Inclusive School Communities Essay - 4777 Words

Inclusive School Communities One of the most significant and controversial trends in education today is the inclusion of children and youth with disabilities into general education classrooms. Inclusion refers to the practice of educating all students regardless of disability in the same classroom as students without disabilities. Though the term is relatively new, the underlying principle is not, and reflects the belief that students with disabilities should be educated in the least restrictive environment (LRE), or as close to the mainstream of general education as possible. The LRE principle is one of the key components of federal special education law. Advocates of inclusion believe that in most cases, if not all, the LRE†¦show more content†¦Inclusion may actually have significant positive benefits for all students (Staub, 1995). Though it is unlikely that inclusion will enhance the development of academic skills in students without disabilities, there is evidence that inclusion may have other very substantial outcomes for students who engage in regular interaction with students who are disabled. Outcomes such as compassion, a better understanding of differences, and a stronger commitment to including those with disabilities in other areas of life are noted in the literature. Davern and Schnorr (1989) state the following in presenting these possible benefits. How does the presence of students with special needs affect other students at school? The majority of students in our public schools learn very powerful lessons when students with special needs are separated from them. Since they do not get to know these students well, they often come to believe that these children and young adults are different and scary, and should be separated from them. When students with differences are not in their classrooms, these classrooms do not reflect society and do not adequately prepare our children for the future. If we want graduates who welcome others-regardless of their learning, physical or emotional characteristics-as neighbors, coworkers and friends, daily shared experience among students will be essential (p.22). In this paper I will focus on the possibleShow MoreRelatedDeveloping A World Class Inclusive Education System Essay1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthe government intended to develop a world class inclusive education system. The model and aim at that stage was to reform the education system where children with disabilities could be integrated into the mainstream education system. This would enable children with disabilities to attend their local community schools where having the same opportunities as their siblings and friends from their community. In 1996 Lipsky Gartner described inclusive education as â€Å"students with disabilities having fullRead MoreEducational Policies For Inclusive Education1701 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"There is a direct correlation between the strength of inclusive education in schools and the values held by its leaders† (Porter AuCoin, 2012, p.146). The issue of inclusion is education is one that is surrounded by different ideological perspectives. In order to examine the policies surrounding inclusive education in Canada it is first necessary to understand the specific question at hand, who will be affected by the policy issue, as well as who has the power to make changes to this policyRead MoreSalamanca Statement1439 Words   |  6 PagesStatement (UNESCO, 1994) says: Regular schools with this inclusive orientation are the most effective means of combating discriminatory attitudes, creating welcoming communities, building inclusive society and achieving education for all; moreover, they provide an effective education to the majority of children and improve the efficiency and ultimately the cost effectiveness of the entire education system. (Quote from the Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education at: http://inclusion.uwe.ac.uk/csie/slmca/htm)Read MoreInclusive Education Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagescontinuous debates. In the book Creating Inclusive Classrooms, J. Spencer Salend defines inclusion as : â€Å"[†¦] a philosophy that brings diverse students, families, educators and community members together to create schools and other social institutions based on acceptance, belonging and community [†¦] (Creating inclusive Classrooms, 2005, p.6) As a result, inclusive education considers as from a young age, all students as full members of the school community including students with different needsRead MoreWhat Are Ontario Schools Doing? Other Canadian Schools? Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pages What are Ontario schools doing? Other Canadian Schools doing? EGALE Canada Human Rights Trust, is Canada’s only national charity that advocates LGBT human rights in Canada. EGALE released in 2011 the First Report on the National Climate Survey on homophobia, biphobia, and transphobia in Canadian schools, that assessed the opinions of 3700 students (LGBT and non-LGBT) all over Canada (Taylor et al. 2011). The survey began in 2007 and concluded in 2009 (Taylor et al. 2011). The report’s resultsRead MoreHow Legislation and Policies Influence Education in Australia 1009 Words   |  5 Pagesand diverse country. Consequently schools are faced with many diverse students of different abilities and backgrounds. To ensure equity and fairness among students, policies and legislations have been put into place to ensure diversity is being catered for and that no student is being excluded from the education system. Some of these policies and legislation include: The Disability Discrimination Act 1992, The Salamanca Statement, Disability Stand ards 2005, Inclusive Education Statement, DisabilitiesRead MoreImproving Student Participation Is A Matter Of Importance1543 Words   |  7 Pagesequal right to use inclusive education from early childhood through to adulthood. Inclusive education means eliminating the distinction between special and regular education and giving equal opportunities despite their level of disability. It implies that providing educational facilities to students with additional educational needs which are used by most other students. The word inclusion is based on the idea that schools should satisfy the needs of the children in their communities, whatever the levelRead MoreSOcial and Economic Development: Inclusion and Inclusive Education1133 Words   |  5 PagesEducation is the most important factor in any country’s social and economic development. It builds human capital by producing informed and productive citizens. Education creates opportunities for marginalized and socioeconomically d isadvantaged communities to become better adjusted and productive citizens. People with disabilities are still at a severe disadvantage in terms of accessing education in many parts of the world, especially in Pakistan. World Health Organization (WHO, 1981) indicates thatRead MoreMy Experience As A Primary Teacher839 Words   |  4 Pagesprimary teacher for five years in British Schools, I realized that as a teacher, I need to include all the students with diverse abilities and to meet their learning needs. At the beginning, I found it challenging to practice the inclusive education strategy in my classroom, so I started to read more about the definition of inclusion and the factors that affect the teachers’ practical experience. Later, I was inspired by the relation between the inclusive education and the Australian Curriculum. TheRead MoreInclusive Classrooms For Students With Disabilities875 Words   |  4 PagesInclusive classrooms attempt to recognize and respond to the numerous sorts of differences that children take to the classroom. In conve ntional classrooms, these distinctions may prompt children being demoted to varied reading or math groups, or being distinguished as learning disabled or gifted. In the current educational atmosphere, educators need support as they attempt to meet all children s individual needs while as yet keeping up elevated expectations and an interconnected classroom group

Economy and its types Free Essays

Economy: – It is the sum sum of the ingestion, distribution, production in a state, which measures that how an economic system is. There are three economic systems. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Economy and its types or any similar topic only for you Order Now Plan ECONOMY OR COMMAND ECONOMY: – An economic system where production and the ingestion is decided by the cardinal authorities.It is an economic system where devlopment capacity is less and where investing is limited.In this economic system everybody have a occupation, but they get limited rewards, here people are normally deprived of nomadic phones and latest technology.They live a really simple and humdrum life, consumers do non hold disposable income so that they can put on some sort of luxury. 2. MARKET ECONOMY OR FREE ENTERPRISE: – A economic system which is free, though the authorities is in power but everybody is given right to bask his/her rights in a more free manner.Here, concerns play a cardinal function, concerns are motivated by net incomes to do merchandises that clients will buy.This economic system provides a competitory forepart for every concerns to work efficiently.Here if the economic system is pure it could even take to inequality in society, this sort of pure market economic system is holding several drawbacks. 3. Assorted Economy: – This type of an economic system is the mixture of planned and market economy.Private sectors operate in order to gain and public sectors operate for non net income reasons.Almost every state today patterns this economic system. Markets chief purpose is to do out the maximal net income with less investment.Technological inventions boost up the market economic system and do it make to its heights.It could boost up the economic system with higher returns.Discussing on the superficial degree of an economic system, an economic system trades with per capita income, mean income, gross domestic merchandise, etc.All these major sectors of an economic system face alterations in regard to a state if there is any new technological innovation.Take the illustration of computing machines when it was launched it hike up the economic system and doubled it up undoubtedly.It reduced the cost of production, gave an easiness to everything, made adult male to take a epicurean and comfy life, it remarkebly reduced the labour.today adult male is nowhere without computers.Technology is something that reduced costs and improves pick for consumer.Technology is so polar to the growing of a concern in bettering the competition and bett ering public presentation which consequences in hiking up profitability.Any new engineering have a immense and long impacts on economies.Take the illustration of nomadic phones, when it entered the economic system it hiked up the businesses.Its profitableness was the major factor which was its ground to be a blessing for the people.It changed the manner the houses communicated, the old traditional slow manner of communication was replaced by high velocity communicating which was every bit reliable.Promotion of goods and services through this technological invention have made work easy.So, engineering is a advanced gift which mankind pursue and will be prosecuting. In the present scenario communicating plays a cardinal function in hiking up the businesses.Today mobile phones are non for chew the fating with friends, household they have reached far in its deductions all over the Earth. The nomadic phones have made things simpler and easy traveling, its use is huge, today one can make concerns from one state to another on phones, which have remarkebly reduced conveyance cost and assorted other factors which earlier was a needed thing with a business.Today nomadic phones have created a roar with kenyas gross domestic product and it is increased remarkebly.They have craeted employment, it fulfilled the basic necessities of one ‘s life.Be it india, us or uk, everybody have an economic growing as a state. From butcher to elite man of affairs everyone have it, without which they cant unrecorded, it have become a necessity.With nomadic phones, land lines concerns have reduced exceptionally, people stop utilizing them, many land lines connexion were disconnected, landlines concerns failed.Everyone require something compact, portable and cheaper to run into their demands in a better way.According to 2006 study, subscription to repair telephone lines continued there diminution, down 1.5 % to 33.6 million in 2006.The increasing popularity of nomadic phones and the ruin of landline phones, shows that nomadic phones evidently have an upper manus to land lines, when it comes to holding lower hazards in the market and gaining immense net incomes. ( taking vodafone as a instance ) . This shows that how marke alterations with new technological inventions and how it effects the economic system and what impact does it hold on old engineering. How to cite Economy and its types, Essay examples

Electrical Installation Essay Sample free essay sample

Block L will be powered by a individual stage 100A distribution board. PowerOne ring circuit will supply power for the generator/switch room and substation room and will be protected by a 32A type C BS EN 60898 RCBO. An RCBO will be used because equipment could be plugged in and taken outside and it will be type C because inductive tonss could be plugged in. The other ring circuit will supply power for the workshop and public toilet and will besides be protected by a 32A type C BS EN 60898 RCBO. An RCBO will be used because equipment could be plugged in and taken outside and it will be type C because inductive tonss could be plugged in inside the workshop every bit good as equipment being used inside the public toilet. The roller shutter door will be wired on its ain radial circuit because if it faults due to rain or strive it won’t trip out a ring circuit. We will write a custom essay sample on Electrical Installation Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It will besides be protected by a 16A type C MCB to let for start-up of the motor. Outside Lighting Lighting in block L will be provided by adjustments utilizing high frequence control gear to battle the stroboscopic consequence around the generator. Calculations for the five 150W high force per unit area Na suiting outside visible radiations – 150W x 5 = 750W 750W ten 1. 8 = 1350W I = P = 1350W = 5. 87A burden currentV 230VThe outside illuming radial circuit will be protected by a 10A type C BS EN 60898 RCBO. this will be required because 5. 87A is excessively close to a 6A ledgeman and will be running hot. A 10A type C will be used to let for the induction in the discharge lighting and the 10A capacity allows for more visible radiations to be added in the hereafter. Inside LightingThe interior lighting will be protected by either a 6A or 10A type B MCB depending on the circuit. The adjustments are duplicate 6ft fluorescent luminaires with each tubing rated at 70W. The computation to work out the maximal figure of luminaires on each circuit is shown below: current per suiting = P x 1. 8 ( discharge illuming factor ) Volt current per suiting = ( 2 x 70W ) ten 1. 8230V current per suiting = 1. 1A figure of adjustments = __MCB rating___current per adjustment figure of adjustments = _6A_ = 5. 451. 1A figure of adjustments = 10A = 9. 091. 1A So that the ledgeman doesn’t run hot –6A MCB – 5 adjustments10A MCB – 8 adjustments DesignationThe circuits are divided as per the pulling 2360-023-07-08-1/1. each with its ain coloring material and identified in the undermentioned manner: Function – Circuit Number – Fitting NumberFor illustration. the 3rd socket mercantile establishment on the circuit 2 ring chief in the workshop/restroom would be: P – 2 – 3 Calculations for Design CurrentIn order to make a board agenda for the lighting and power distribution board. every circuits design and diversified current has to be calculated. The maximal diversified current can non transcend the board’s 100A maximal demand. Circuit 1Concluding ring circuit ( workshop/restroom ) – 32ADiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 132A ten 1 = 32A Circuit 2Concluding ring circuit ( generator/substation/switchroom ) – 32A Diversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 532A ten 0. 5 = 16A Circuit 33kW roller shutter doorI = P = 3000W = 13. 04AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 113. 04A ten 1 = 13. 04A Circuit 4Lighting – Outside150 ten 5 = 750W 750W ten 1. 8 = 1350W I = P = 1350W = 5. 87A V 230V Diversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 9 5. 67A ten 0. 9 = 5. 28A Circuit 5Lighting – Switchroom ( eight 70W dual flourescent adjustments ) I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 8 ten 1. 8 ) = 8. 77AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 98. 77A ten 0. 9A = 7. 89A Circuit 6Lighting – Switchroom ( six dual fluorescent adjustments )I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 6 ten 1. 8 ) = 6. 57AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 96. 57A ten 0. 9 = 5. 91A Circuit 7Lighting – Substation room ( five dual fluorescent adjustments ) I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 5 ten 1. 8 ) = 5. 48AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 95. 48A ten 0. 9 = 4. 93A Circuit 8Lighting – Workshop ( three dual fluorescent adjustments )I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 3 ten 1. 8 ) = 3. 29AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 93. 29A ten 0. 9 = 2. 96A Circuit 9Lighting – Workshop ( three dual fluorescent adjustments )I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 3 ten 1. 8 ) = 3. 29AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 93. 29A ten 0. 9 = 2. 96A Circuit 10Lighting – Workshop ( three dual fluorescent adjustments )I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 3 ten 1. 8 ) = 3. 29AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 93. 29A ten 0. 9A = 2. 96A Circuit 11Lighting – Restroom and Toilets ( four double fluorescent adjustments ) I = P = ( 70 x 2 ten 4 ten 1. 8 ) = 4. 38AV 230VDiversity Factor from OSG 17th edition – 0. 94. 38A ten 0. 9 = 3. 94A A board agenda now has to be constructed demoing every circuits protective device. design and diversified current and the entire diversified current.

Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 Essay Example

Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 Paper Objective: The objective of this act is to keep an inventory of chemicals that are presently being imported manufactured or used, indicating among others, their existing and possible uses, test data, names of firms manufacturing or using them and such other information as may be considered relevant to the protection of health and the environment To monitor and regulate the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage, transportation, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk or injury to health or to the environment in accordance with national policies and international commitments To inform and educate the populace regarding the hazards and risks attendant to the manufacture, handling, storage, transportation, processing, distribution, use and disposal of toxic chemicals and other substances and mixtures and lastly; To prevent the entry, even in transit, as well as the keeping or storage and disposal of hazardous and nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose We will write a custom essay sample on Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Reaction: It’s good to know that our government have implemented this kind of act, it only shows that how our government is concern with us, because improper handling or improper storage of hazardous chemicals and throwing of nuclear wastes can cause bad health to us. It is also good because this act let us know what are we going to do with this kind of chemicals and wastes, it educate the people what are the hazards and risks in manufacturing this kind of wastes. Integration: As part of the jurisdiction of this article or republic act I’m going to help our government by following the rules and regulations under this law like the proper manufacturing of the nuclear and toxic waste before putting them on a storage or throwing them on the garbage bins I will be like an example to my fellow friends in our community, implementing this then letting them know what are the importance of this law, Learning: I’ve learned a lot like what is the importance of this law. RA 6969 is important or the ‘Toxic substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990’ because it let us inform or educate on what are we going to do with this kind of waste especially to nuclear, hazardous and toxic waste or substances like the proper manufacturing of the said waste and proper storage of it. I also learned the penalties and fines given to those who violate this act like being imprisoned for about 6 months to 6years.

Personal Thoughts on Punishment and Justice essays

Personal Thoughts on Punishment and Justice essays Punishment and Justice: Personal Thoughts I do agree with the claim that the word human is a moral term that grants us certain rights, Ethics would not exist if the question of whether or not humanness carries moral implications, obligations and an overall essence of what should be considered right or wrong. As a human there remains a dependence on other humans, on the most basic level, procreation and survival wise, another is always needed. Expanding beyond the individual, families/clans, communities, and societies are established, to continue and further ensure survival. Regardless of philosophical stance; whether theologically based, or solely motivated by self-interest and physical desires, or bound to a social contract, it seems to be in the in the best interest of humans that standards of moral conduct in relation to how individuals treat each other are recognized. Rights therefore are inherent because in order for the individual to survive, more often than not the group must also survive. To live is a right-ev ery human has the right to live, and when in regards to communal living, standards of living also become a right, unalienable rights, such as the right to liberty. The idea that life, is not enough, but the ability to actively (freely) live that life is necessary for group cohesion. If everyone agrees that they themselves deserve liberty, than they must also concur with the argument that another deserves this right as well. To answer the question of whether or not imprisonment is a just punishment for criminal acts one must first define the terms liberty, crime and punishment. With liberty comes responsibility. If you believe that you have the right to choice than you must also believe that others do to. All punishment needs justification. In regards to the penal system, punishment is imposed on those who have done wrong, usually in the case of violating anothers right...to life and to liberty. ...

Voluntary Ratings And V-chip Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Voluntary Ratings And V-chip Technology - Essay Example Parents must assume responsibility for what their children are exposed to on the public airwaves, and the government has provided parents with some valuable tools. Nonetheless, it can be argued that these tools have not been properly publicized or explained to parents. The government cannot simply endorse these tools and then forget about the problem. It must expand publicity of these tools, it must create educational resources which are readily available to parents and the public, and it must maintain an oversight function to ensure that broadcasters continue to comply with certain minimum standards. Section 551 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 was a directive from the U.S. Congress to the broadcasting industry. This directive called on broadcasters to establish voluntary ratings for programming. The system was designed to include ratings for programs with sexual themes, violence and other topics or themes which parents might deem inappropriate for their children. On September 25, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission reviewed a set of standards that were agreed on and proposed by broadcasters. These proposed standards included an advisory before the broadcast to be followed by a basic grading system. For example, a TV/ M rating would be for mature audiences only; a TV/14 rating would strongly caution parents to be aware of inappropriate themes; and, a TV/PG would suggest parental guidance. In addition to these voluntary rating standards, the government also endorsed the implementation of certain technological tools. These technological tools, based on the V-chip, would prevent inappropriate or objectionable material from being broadcast. The enforcement of the government’s V-chip† directive required increased advertising to consumers on the purposes and the use of the V-chip, and the expansion of V-chip technology to the radio.

Why was World War I and its aftermath considered to be the major Essay

Why was World War I and its aftermath considered to be the major turning point in Middle Eastern affairs and the main determinant of the political situation there today - Essay Example The defeat of the German meant their initial territories were to be taken over by the British, French and their allies. The Middle East was previously under the ottoman rule. The region was highlight regarded as a German stronghold. The Sykes-picot treaty reshaped the Middle East (Kamrava, 2005). This gave way for the change of guard and the domination of the French and British. The Middle East was partitioned into spheres as a means of sharing the countries between the two European powerhouses (Ulrichsen, 2014). The New League Nation placed a compulsory rule and the French took over Syria and Lebanon while the British took over the remaining territory. The continuous stay of the European rule led to revolutions. The region was fighting for self-rule and governance. The resistant nature of the natives created a tense moment between the European nations and the Middle East nation was the beginning of political hostility. The region has played host to a number of political conflicts. The friction between the two regions has created interested from the east. The European nations on one side fought for the status quo while the Middle East fought for self-governance. The availability of oil and other natural resources created interest from countries as far as the USA (Ulrichsen, 2014). The region has remained a center of conflict between the west and the natives. High political hostility has shaped the modern day middle

Food Choices And Meal Patterns In India Media Essay

Food Choices And Meal Patterns In India Media Essay The chapter will present the findings, in the form of themes and categories, which was seen from the analysis of the interviews with the participants. The themes are recurring instances of responses occurring across all the interviews and which are important and relevant to the research. The themes were carefully organized into over-arching relevant categories. The themes have also been separately discussed as sub-themes, which were based on the responses of the participants and listed in their own voice, so as to enable a better understanding of their thoughts, knowledge and responsiveness. Category I: Changes in Food choices and Meal patterns The themes and sub-themes talk about the changes in food choices and meal patterns that took place amongst the Indian students in Leeds Metropolitan University and understanding what it meant to them. Theme 1: Food choices and Meal patterns in India Sub-theme A: I had more different a type of Indian food earlier at home than it is here. Yes, there is quite a bit of difference in the type of food that I have here and that I am used to having in India. I donot get the traditional foods that I liked a lot but once in a while I do get Indian food here as well, which is as close to home that I can get. The consumption of food showed a great degree of variation from different regions of the country. They were also dependent on the types of sides that were eaten with the meals. Also, the fact that most of the students reported that, irrespective of where they came from in India, the choices available for them regarding traditional food, were more than they get here. I had rice for all the meals. Thats what people do there. Bread is not that common, may be occasionally, however the most common was rice, which we could have with any side. It was seen that rice was considered as not only the staple ingredient but also something that they could have with most of the side dishes. Due to certain religious beliefs that they grew up in, there was apparent absence of meat and meat products in the responses of some participants. My family had always eaten wheat for atleast one meal of the day. I guess it may be because of the fact that we lived in the North of the country and also that it was cheaper and easily available. The consumption of wheat by these participants was because it was less costly and also that it was easily available in the region. Also, wheat formed the dietary resemblance to the cultural associations of that region. Also, amongst the meat and meat products, chicken was seen as the acceptable option, even during the religious and cultural gatherings. The Indian diet consisted of heavily spiced dishes ranging from vegetables, meat or fish. Sub-theme B: We ate more regular meals and had a balanced diet All the participants said that they had a more regular meal pattern with 2-3 meals in a day and most of it was home cooked. They also brought up the idea of a proper meal, wherein they had food that was specific with that meal of the day. Before I came here, I used to have proper three meals in a day, but here I may only end up having two meals in a day. Also, here the meals are not balanced and quite irregular. The participants felt that the meals they have here were not similar to the ones they were used to having back home. The participants said they were used to having lavish and complete meals, which consisted of variety of dishes. I had a very good eating habit at home. I had a set meal for breakfast, lunch and dinner, with occasional snacks in between them. Eating regularly, as I used to before is the key to keeping healthy. All the participants talked about the importance of having traditional meals atleast twice or thrice a day. They felt that the breakfast was one of the important meals of the day and that it results in healthy eating habit. It was also seen that they found proper afternoon snack and a filling dinner was healthy, with long term health benefits. Sub-theme C: When we were back home, we never used to eat out often, even though it was fun to eat out. I used to eat at home for most of the times in a week. May be once or twice, I would go out with my friends for dinner bit then that was also not that frequent. The participants talked about the fact that most of the times they preferred to eat at home and did not want to spend money or get worried about the quality and hygiene related with the food. Also, they felt that eating away from would mean going against the normal home cooked food. Also, they perceived junk food as something that was not a part of the meal and not to be healthy, even though it presents itself as an important aspect if the Indian culture and religious festivities. Theme 2: Food choices and Meal patterns in United Kingdom Sub-theme A: Foods that I eat here are very different from what I am used to. The participants showed signs of change in their eating habits after moving to Leeds Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom. The participants said that they found it difficult to have breakfast, as they were used to back home and even if they did, it was more of ready to eat foods like cereals. There were less consumption of traditional Indian food items and more consumption of canned food items, fruit juice, cheese, snacks like sweets and chips. The meals usually consisted of food from other ethnic origins as well like Mexican, Continental, Italian, which were eaten at local restaurants in Leeds. The participants said that they had to plan towards their meals here and they felt that it was difficult to retain their traditional food habits because of the time constraints faced by the students. I have to plan my own meals here. But at home, it was my mom. My meals here are not consistent. I donot have time to cook the things that I am used to eat back home, as most of the traditional dishes require planning, energy and time, which is difficult here. So I eat whatever is easy to cook and less time consuming. The participants also said that, though most of the time they have non-traditional food, however during the weekend or holidays, they try to stick to traditional Indian food. They felt that for them Indian food enabled them to maintain their cultural associations. Sub-theme B: My eating habit is very irregular here. Most of the participants said that their eating patterns were irregular after they came to the United Kingdom. Most of them said that they never or rarely had time to have breakfast. They could only have a proper meal for dinner, wherein they could cook traditional Indian food for themselves. My food habits have changed after coming here. I skip meals as I donot get the time and energy to cook for me. Most of the times I am at the university and I eat whatever I get at that point of time. However, for dinner, I try to cook some traditional Indian food. It makes a difference to have dinner as a complete meal. The analysis of the responses shows that the participants had an irregular food pattern, which was mainly due to the pressures of the new life here and the lack of time to plan and prepare a complete meal. Also, it was reported that they found the local food not to their liking all the time and hence it resulted in skipping entire meals. Sub-theme C: I eat out a lot here, more than I used to in India. Here, I tend to eat out with my friends most of the times. Even when I am in the university, I would go to the vending machine and pick up something to eat. I also eat many snacks here like sweets, chips. It is even more than I used to at home. The participants talked about their habit of snacking of food items like sweets, chips etc as it was easily available to them and also that they cost-low. The inability by them to invest time towards cooking for themselves and at times resulting in them completely skipping or replacing their meals with snacks or fast-food options. The participants also perceived that the snacks they had in India were low in fat content and hence better than the ones here. I donot have time to go home and cook an Indian meal for myself. I usually gout to eat or do some takeaway. It is all about convenience for me and usually I donot have an alternative. The participants said that for them eating out or at restaurants in India were considered a luxury, however here they feel it as imperative because of its convenience and easy availability as compared to the traditional meals. They felt that a healthy Indian meal is one that would have less cream, oil and cooked at home. However, even though the participants were not extremely interested in eating non-traditional food, but also felt that there were wide range of options available here, something that they did not find easily in India. Category II: Factors affecting Food habits Theme 3: Food habits and perceptions regarding Food habits Sub-theme A: I wish I cooked at home so that I knew how to cook. There were interesting perceptions that were reported by the participants towards knowledge and cooking skills. Most of the women participants said that they did most of the cooking at home however; they found the same difficult here as they had busy schedules with lectures, university. Whereas, the men were unanimous in their response; they found cooking a meal difficult without any previous knowledge. I never took interest in cooking. I did not have to worry about how much to make and if it is healthy or not. After coming here, I tried to cook but it was not easy. Most of the times I would make something that is easy like ready to eat or frozen food. The differences in responses could be due to the traditional beliefs that are related to the role that a man and a women play in the Indian society. In most cases, the Indian meals were mostly enjoyed in the local Indian restaurant. The male participants talk about their lack of skills to prepare Indian meals that makes it difficult for them to have a traditional diet. Also, the female participants, even though most of them said that they had the required skills to cook, showed preference to non-traditional food habits, due to the lack of time needed to cook Indian meals as well as the limited availability of ingredients required to make a traditional meal. My eating habits have changed a lot here. I donot eat traditional Indian food anymore and at times I donot even cook. However, I feel if I knew how to cook, it would have helped. Sub-theme B: I find the food here very different from what I am used to. All the participants said that they found the food here as convenient food due to its easy availability and ease to prepare. However, they thought that these food were not important to be considered as a complete meal, as most of them were artificially prepared with preservatives in them. Some of the participants said, contrary to the general opinion, that they found the non-traditional food healthier than the ones they used to have at home in India. Even though I have eaten Indian food throughout my life, I find the options here like the sandwiches, soups, salads as healthier than the Indian counterparts. I find them to be light and fresh. I cook Indian food at times, but they are time consuming and tend to be oily and greasy, especially if I am going to a restaurant. But the non-traditional foods tend to be more nutritious because they are prepared in ways to preserve their nutritive value, with less oil and cream. The participants also described the opportunity staying away from home as a way to be more experimental in their food habits, breaking away from the traditional diet to try something new. I have always had Indian food. The fact that now I can actually try new things and to be adventurous with my food habits is a nice feeling. At times, I will make pasta, sandwich or Mexican and they taste good too. Sub-theme C: I find it difficult to always have a traditional diet here. Many students talked about factors that affected their traditional way of eating. One such was that of financial considerations, which greatly influenced food and eating habits during their stay in the United Kingdom. They found that the local food to be more reasonable as compared to the traditional Indian food. I donot spend much on food, tend to eat whatever is cheaper. I never ate beef in India, would never think about it, however after coming here, I got to know that it is difficult to always live by traditions. I decided to accept the change rather making it a problem. The participants described their accepting the change in their food habits as a way to be accustomed and accepted by the new culture here. Also, some of the participants talked about their exposure to the Western diet in India, which had played an important role towards them accepting the change in food habits that happened here. Sub-theme D: My diet has changed considerably with time that I am here. Certain participants said that the duration that they have been in the United Kingdom have resulted in changes to their dietary habits. For them, they felt that a reason to come here was the freedom of making choices regarding their eating habits, wherein they ate out often, which they felt as an enjoyable experience. I think my diet is more or less the same here but then it is not definitely the way it was in India. I live alone and hence to eat what is easier and faster to cook.

Cola Wars: Profitability of the soft-drink industry Essay

Historically, the soft drink industry has been extremely profitable. Long time industry leaders Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola largely drive the profits in the industry, relying on Porter’s five forces model to explain the attractiveness of the soft drink market. These forces allowed Coke and Pepsi to maintain large growth until 1999, and also explain the challenges that each company is currently facing. The relative duopoly that Coke and Pepsi share in the industry allows for higher profits, while also maintaining enough competition to promote firm improvement. The first of Porter’s forces is the threat of new entrants. Coke and Pepsi have been largely successful because of many barriers to entry that limits the risk of entry by potential competitors. Coke and Pepsi both have strong brand loyalty, made possible by their long history and adherence to tradition. When Coke strayed from its Coca-Cola Classic formula, its customers demanded a return to the original recipe. Pepsi and Coke also share an absolute cost advantage over others in the industry. They developed superior production operations by buying up bottling companies and performing the service in-house. These companies also have large economies of scale, as they both operate internationally and together control 84% of the market worldwide. Additionally, government regulations have prevented competitors from mimicking Coke’s secret formula, as evidenced by their relentless defense of their brand in court. All of these factors have made it difficult for competitors to enter the soft drink industry. The second of Porter’s forces is rivalry amongst established companies. The competitive structure of the industry has allowed Coke and Pepsi to sustain high profits. The industry is essentially an oligopoly, with Coke and Pepsi dominating the market. The firms are hurt by having similar products that are relatively undifferentiated. However, diversification of product lines into carbonated and non-carbonated beverages has created some product differences. High industry growth from 1975 to 1995 also provided a reprieve from the competitor pressure. Franchising and long-term contracts created higher switching costs, historically limiting the effects of rivalry on the two firms. Porter’s third force is the bargaining power of buyers. This has always been low in the industry, and continues to diminish over time. The low number of suppliers does not afford buyers much room to negotiate. Furthermore, the abundance of distributor options prevented the bottling plants from applying pressure on Coke and Pepsi. Exhibit 8 also shows that both Coke and Pepsi were among the top five consumer brands most important to retailers, suggesting that they were on the losing end of the transaction relationship. Porter’s fourth force is the bargaining power of suppliers. Coke and Pepsi have always set their price. Bottlers were forced to buy concentrate at set prices, usually negotiated in the favor of Coke and Pepsi. The small number of suppliers limited alternatives that could provide the necessary concentrate to bottling groups. Coke and Pepsi have continuously renegotiated contract terms to decrease their costs and enhance profitability. These contracts eventually eliminated marketing cost obligations for concentrate producers as well. Suppliers became so powerful that they eventually bought their own bottling plants. Porter’s fifth force is the threat of substitutes. Initially, other products that could fulfill the same objective of soft drinks (quench thirst) were very weak. According to exhibit 1, carbonated soft drinks were the most-consumed beverage in America through the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, bottled water has become increasingly powerful, cutting into U.S. consumption. A growing health awareness has led to higher demand for non-carbonated soft drinks. Coke and Pepsi have largely met this threat by diversifying into other product lines such as water, juice, tea, and sports drinks. A significant factor that has also allowed the soft drink industry to prosper is the success of the fast-food industry. By partnering with restaurants such as Taco Bell, McDonalds, Burger King, and Pizza Hut, soft drinks have become a complement to this other profitable sector. Pepsi has taken advantage of this trend in its merger with Frito-Lay. While these five factors all contributed to making the soft drink industry very profitable, the industry is more recently facing challenges that could lead to declining profitability. Industry demand is steadily decreasing, as the United States – the largest consumer of soft drinks in the world – becomes more health conscious. Furthermore, buyers are now threatening to produce soft drinks themselves, such as in-store brands at Walmart. This has increased the bargaining power of the buyer. Though the future profitability of the soft drink industry may be declining in America, Coke and Pepsi have taken substantial actions to spread their brands worldwide. Each has a long-term growth strategy to saturate new markets, whether domestically or abroad. Coke has already taken control of many international markets, while Pepsi claims that its progression to the snack industry provides synergy in its business. It is undeniable that the competition between Coke and Pepsi has resulted in a multitude of strategies employed by both sides.

Leadership Appoach – Mahinda Rajapaksa

Mankind Chanting† (Mankind Vision, 2005), a document that reflected his villous was welcomed by thousands of fellow citizens In 2005. This Is an example of his valorously leadership style. â€Å"My dream Is that of a free nation, a land In harmony with nature, a prosperous tomorrow, and a virtuous man†; these words of his was able to maintain high popularity and public approval as his villous appealed to the core values of the Sir Lankan public. Being a charismatic leader, Rajahs paid close attention to his image in the public.He portrayed an optimistic outlook and charismatic personality to draw the attention of the public. Moral leadership accompanied with high emotional intelligence was another dimension of Arkansas leadership. He placed strong trust in his team and prioritize morally correct decisions over presidential popularity. This biography about Mankind Rajahs will highlight the practical use of relevant leadership concepts and theories. Rajahs is a visionary l eader. Awakening Sir Lankan from the challenges of 27 year civil war, he set out his vision for Sir Lankan in his very first presidential election speech.Harper (1991 characterizes visionary thinking as a process whereby executives are encouraged to extend their time horizons beyond the typical planning cycle. Rashness's speech appealed to the masses and presented an idealized view of what the future of Sir Lankan beholds. His patriotism to the country is always reflected in his speeches. â€Å"This earth and its vegetation are yours. But they should be protected not only for your benefit but also for the benefit of future generations. A ruler is only a temporary trustee not an owner of your children's heritage† (Rajahs, 2005).These words set a wave of national pride and belonging in the country and developed a Sino in every Sir Lankan mind. Thousands of individuals Joined Sir Lankan forces to save the country from terrorists. Through his vision, Rajahs was able to connect wi th the core values of the Sir Lankan public such as defending freedom and hope. As he promised, early in the fourth year of his first six-year term, Rajahs etched his name In the records of Sir Lankan history as the national leader who ended a thirty year long war against the forces of separatist terrorism that threatened the sovereignty and territorial Integrity of the country.He united the country under the ingle national flag by withstanding International pressure for a ceasefire with terrorists. He gave leadership to defeat the most ruthless terrorist organization In the world, bringing a new political vision that seeks both development and reconciliation to build a â€Å"New Sir Lankan† nation. Since, Rajahs fulfilled the dream January 2010. Souses & Poster (2009) stated that to be a successful leader it is necessary to create a shared vision. Rajahs further extended his vision of developing the country with â€Å"Thru Washstands† (Northern Spring) project.It is a special initiative after the war to expedite development in the North. This program allowed northern Tamil partners to Join in the country's progress. Rashness's vision gave Sir Lankan a direction into the future. The multiple dimensions of his vision statement set a benchmark for a good vision. Rashness's vision statement reflects that a good vision must be simple and direct, must be flexible, inclusive and optimistic and consistent with the intended audience's values. Rashness's visionary leadership is a defining characteristic of his success in politics as president of the Sir Lankan.To emerge as a popular leader of the country, Rajahs further exhibited harmonistic leadership to instill belief of the people in his abilities. Sandburg and Norman (2011) describe charismatic leaders as people who possess an unusual power of attraction. Rajahs is a charismatic leader. Throughout his parliament career, until appointed as minister, he continued his law practice in southern province of Sir Lankan. This kept him in the public eye and managed to gain a reputation amongst the community as a lawyer. He was a strong believer in the art of public relations.John, Marina, & Sue (2011) suggest that charisma can be taught and that it has an effect on leader outcomes. Rajahs used various techniques to build his charisma. Rajahs projected himself with an optimistic outlook to draw fondness from the Sir Lankan public. Rajahs appeared in public as a son to all mothers and as a friend to all citizens. He always has an optimistic smile, enthusiasm and almost casual yet serious demeanor. Other factors that contributed to his charisma are his dressing style and his personification in the media. He is usually dressed in Sir Lankan traditional dress even when attending international meetings.This is to show his patriotism towards the nation and portray Sir Lankan culture to international community. Sandburg and Norman (2011) as well as the lessons learnt from Rashness's careers refl ect that charisma can be learnt and plays an important role in the success of a leader. They suggest that all charismatic leaders emerge in times of crisis and present their followers with a mission and a path to achieve it. Being charismatic is a leadership trait that allows leaders to attract people and create a following with an almost supernatural authority (Sandburg & Norman, 2011).Apart from being charismatic, Rajahs also exhibited moral leadership. Moral leadership accompanied by his high emotional intelligence made Rajahs a popular leader. He was able to achieve intense devotion from his subordinates by ‘being a friend, but not a pal'. He placed a lot of trust in his team and believed that the team you put together to surround and advice you said a lot about your leadership. Following his election, Rajahs personally interviewed some of his staff to ensure he had the best people for the Job.As mentioned in Economist (2010), he put blinded trust in his brothers and belie ved that to maintain power he always need people whom he can unconditionally trust. His brother lieutenant Colonel Gotcha Rajahs greatly supported him to win the civil war and now manage many development projects throughout the country as the Defense Secretary of Sir Lankan. Rajahs constantly uses his emotional intelligence and moral leadership to make understanding your own and other people's emotional makeup, what motivates them and how to work cooperatively with them.Strong following and support from his team and the Sir Lankan public is a clear example of Rashness's high Emotional I. Q. Standing up to the rights of Sir Lankan Tamil amidst the civil rights movement is an example of Rajahs practicing moral leadership at risk of his presidential popularity. In addition, while defining Sir Land's vision to unite under one flag, Rajahs practiced moral leadership by refraining from high power weapons such as air strikes in last stage of Civil war against the terrorists. This decision of his saved thousands of civilian lives and also lives of terrorists.These key incidents are a clear reflection on Rashness's high emotional intelligence and moral leadership traits. His leadership sends a message that moral and intelligent leadership can create strong following and guide the leader in difficult situations. Rashness's leadership traits made him a successful leader with the highest presidential approval from the public in his tenure. His visionary leadership style is in alignment with my personal leadership traits. I regularly use techniques such as visualization to personally motivate myself and achieve my personal goals.Vision provides inspiration and in the case of Rajahs provided him the ability to connect with the public that was in need of a new peaceful future. Rashness's charismatic leadership is noteworthy. Followers seek someone they can idealize Road, Brown, Terrine, & Finniest, 2013) ND through the techniques used by Rajahs this can be achieved. Emotiona l Intelligence is really important in the success of a leader. From the stories of Rashness's regime, practicing moral leadership with high emotional intelligence can be beneficiary in guiding the leader in difficult situations.Rashness's emphasis on the power of words is an important aspect of leadership that I had not previously considered. It has become evident through his biography how important words of a leader can be. Although mostly agreeing and learning from the biography of Rashness's, his approach to challenge the international pressure seems a bit Hellenizing for my personal beliefs. Uprising against the existing system can be harmful to the reputation of the leader and must be managed carefully. Overall, I have discovered many leadership techniques and traits, which I can emulate from Rashness's biography and grow myself as a strong leader.In conclusion, Mankind Rajahs was a revolutionary leader. He was a true visionary guiding Sir Lankan during and after civil war whil e being able to assure Sir Lankan populations need through his vision. Rashness's speeches appealed to the masses and presented an idealized view of what the future of Sir Lankan beholds. Mankind Rajahs possessed an unusual power of attraction. His charismatic leadership with a closely monitored public image was an important factor in his approval as the president.

User Adoption Momentum Of E Banking In Malaysia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3519 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? In the era of globalization and with the increasing competition in all the fields around the world many companies have modified their strategies so they can reach their customers around the world easier and cheaper. However the rapid growth of systems that rely on electronic technology especially those relating to the Internet and personal computer- led to a significant change in the exchanging of products and services. Many  Service organizations have adopted modern technology to reduce costs and enhance customer service quality, delivery, and standardize core service offerings. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "User Adoption Momentum Of E Banking In Malaysia" essay for you Create order In addition a lot of non-banking companies entered the banking industry by offering products and financial services, giving the customers a lot of options and alternatives to carry out their banking transactions, this difficulty of the business process in the financial sector forces the banks to develop an alternative technological channel to attract customers and improve their perception. The rapid technological diffusion makes the internet the best way to provide customers with banking services regardless of the limits of time and geography. And thats what makes banks  consider the  internet as an important part of their strategic plans. Internet technology has changed the design and the way of delivering the financial services and as a result the banking industry has made continuous innovations especially in the field of communications and information technology that ultimately led to the emergence of the idea of what is known as the online banking. Bankin g services through the internet is a way to keep the existing customers and attract others to the bank, In this paper we define online banking as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“an internet portal, through which customers can use different kinds of banking services ranging from bill payment to making investmentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Pikkarainen et al., 2004). Compared to the traditional approach, online banking is an inexpensive straightforward way to conduct banking business, exchange of personalized information and buying and selling goods and services from any place at any time. Despite the many benefits provided by this service to the bank and its customers, it remains a double-edged sword and not used by every customer, because the increasing distance between the bank and customers may lead to lack of confidence and an increasing in security concerns. As a result, the quality of electronic banking services become an important area of attention among the researchers and banks managers due to its strong influence on the business performance, lower costs, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and profitability (Seth et al., 2004). The main objective of this study is to focus on the importance of understanding the customers perception about internet banking by investigating and measuring the impact of selected factors such as perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), security and privacy (PC) and how they can influence the customer acceptance to conduct banking transactions via the internet, Based on the empirical data collected from individual customers in Bahrain. In the next section we will give some background information about the internet banking sector and review the relevant literature in this area, the following section describes the research methodology, which is then followed by the data analysis and the results from the survey, The paper concludes with a discussion, outlining the implications of the findings and the limitations of the study. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) External variables Perceived usefulness Perceived ease of use Behavioral intention Actual system use Figure 1: The original Technology Acceptance Model (Davis, 1989) The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a perfect model which show how users accept and use a technology. In (TAM) the main determinants of userà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s acceptance of new technology are perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) (Davis, 1989). Although (Chen and Barnes 2007; T.C. Edwin Cheng et al. 2006) found that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and security and privacy affect customer adaptation intentions, Qureshi et al., (2008) claimed that Perceived usefulness, security and privacy are the main perusing factors to accept online banking system. Celik (2008) stated that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are direct determinants of customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ attitudes towards using internet Banking. Traditional service quality and website features (PU, PEOU and PC) that give customers confidence build trust in e-banking (Yap, K et al. 2010). Aderonke and Charles. (2010) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Banksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ customers who are active users of e-Banking system use it because it is convenient, easy to use, time saving and appropriate for their transaction needs. Also the network security and the security of the system in terms of privacy are the major concerns of the users and constitute hindrance to intending users.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Yap, K et al. (2010) claimed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Traditional service quality and website features that give customers confidence build trust in e-banking.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Sadeghi and Hanzaee. (2010) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“According to the model of seven factors on the following dimensions: convenience, accessibility, accuracy, security, usefulness, bank image, and web site design. Some of these factors illustrate a significant statistical difference between males and femal es.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Safeena et al. (2009) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, consumer awareness and perceived risk are the important determinants of online banking adoption. These factors have a strong and positive effect on customers to accept online banking system.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Alda ´s-Manzano et al. (2009) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“TAM beliefs and perceived risks (security, privacy, performance and social) have a direct influence on e-banking adoption. Trust appears as a key variable that reduces perceived risk. Involvement plays an important role in increasing perceived ease of use.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Riyadh et al. (2009) stated that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Seven variables affecting e-banking adoption by SMEs are identified. They are: organizational capabilities, perceived benefits, perceived credibility, perceived regulatory support, ICT industries readiness, lack of financial institutions readiness and institutional influence.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? A l-Somali et al. (2009) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ the quality of the Internet connection, the awareness of online banking and its benefits, the social influence and computer self-efficacy have significant effects on the perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) of online banking acceptance. Education, trust and resistance to change also have significant impact on the attitude towards the likelihood of adopting online banking.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Jahangir N. and Begum N. (2008) noted that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived usefulness, ease of use, security and privacy, and customer attitude are significantly and positively related to customer adaptation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Hanudin Amin. (2007) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived credibility had a significant relationship with behavioral intention. Further, these measures are good determinant for undergraduate acceptance for internet banking. Results also suggest that PU and PEOU had a significant relationship with computer self-efficacy.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Z Liao and WK Wong. (2008) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived usefulness, ease of use, security, responsiveness and convenience significantly influence customer interactions with Internet e-banking. In particular, individuals would place a great emphasis on the security of Internet-based financial transactions. As a conventional practice, commercial banks and financial institutions must continuously review security policy and strengthen the security control of Internet e-bankingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Wai-Ching Poon. (2008) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“all elements for ten identified factors are significant with respect to the usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ adoption of e-banking services. Privacy and security are the major sources of dissatisfaction, which have momentously impacted usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ satisfaction. Meanwhile, accessibility, convenience, design and content are sources of satisfaction. Besides, the speed, produ ct features availability, and reasonable service fees and charges, as well as the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s operations management factor are critical to the success of the e-banks. WAP, GPRS and 3G features from mobile devices are of no significance or influence in the adoption of e-banking services in this study. Results also reveal that privacy; security and convenience factors play an important role in determining the usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ acceptance of e-banking services with respect to different segmentation of age group, education level and income level.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Padachi et al. (2007) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the most significant factor is ease of use and that other important elements featured reluctance to change, trust and relationship in banker, cost of computers, internet accessibility, convenience of use, and security concerns.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Chen, Y. H. and Barnes, S. (2007) pointed out that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived usefulness, perceived security, perceived priv acy, perceived good reputation, and willingness to customize are the important antecedents to online initial trust. It is also discovered that different levels of trust propensity moderate perceptions toward the web site and online with respect to online initial trust, including perceived usefulness, perceived security, perceived privacy, perceived good reputation, and willingness to customize. Both online initial trust and familiarity with online purchasing have a positive impact on purchase intention.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? T.C. Edwin Cheng et al. (2006) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The results provide support of the extended TAM model and confirm its robustness in predicting customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ intention of adoption of IB. This study contributes to the literature by formulating and validating TAM to predict IB adoption, and its findings provide useful information for bank management in formulating IB marketing strategies.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? We analyzed the data using Structured Equatio n Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the strength of the hypothesized relationships, if any, among the constructs, which include Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Web Security as independent variables, Perceived Usefulness and Attitude as intervening variables, and Intention to Use as the dependent variable. The results provide support of the extended TAM model and confirm its robustness in predicting customers intention of adoption of IB Moutaz Abou-Robieh. (2005) found that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“there was a correlation between respondentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ attitudes towards e-banking and their comfort level and feeling of security with regard to their age, level of education, and annual salary.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? 2.1 Perceived ease of use (PEOU) Safeena et al. (2009), Jahangir N. and Begum N. (2008), Z Liao and WK Wong. (2008) and Amin. (2007) stated that perceived ease of use have a strong and positive influence on customers intention to adopt and use internet banking. 2.2 Perceived usefulness (PU) Several studies showed that perceived usefulness influence customer interactions with internet banking, which effect the adoption of e-banking services (Sadeghi and Hanzaee. 2010; Safeena et al. 2009; Al-Somali et al. 2009; Jahangir N. and Begum N. 2008; Hanudin Amin. 2007, Z Liao and WK Wong.2008 ). 2.3 Perceived credibility (PC) Previous research has shown that security and privacy are the most concern for consumer, which have a direct or indirect influence on e-banking adoption (Aderonke and Charles, 2010; Sadeghi and Hanzaee, 2010; Alda ´s-Manzano et al., 2009; Riyadh et al. 2009; Jahangir N. and Begum N., 2008; Z Liao and WK Wong., 2008). Privacy put barriers on using online services (Hernandez and Mazzon, 2007). Moreover, Wai-Ching Poon. (2008) and Moutaz Abou-Robieh. (2005) noted that privacy and security factors play an important role in determining the usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ acceptance of e-banking services with regard to age, education level and income level. 3.CHALLENGES 4.1 RESEARCH MODEL AND HYPOTHESES The model of the study is presented below: Perceived usefulness Perceived ease of use Perceived credibility Intention to use Electronic Banking The representation of the proposed framework depicted the pattern and structure of relationships between the set of the measured variables. The purpose of the study is to measure correlations among variables and then use it to identify whether any relationships exists between these measured variables or not. We will extended TAM and add PC into the framework to test the effect of these three factors on e-banking adaption. In the extended model of TAM study, like (Safeena et al. 2009; Alda ´s-Manzano et al. (2009); Hanudin Amin, 2007), the attitudes factor has been neglected to simplify the model. The present study investigated the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived credibility and customer intention to use electronic banking in Bahrain. Here perceived usefulness, per ceived ease of use and perceived credibility, were being considered as independent variables and customer intention to use electronic banking was being considered as a dependent variable. Perceived usefulness According to the Davis (1989) and Davis et al. (1989), perceived usefulness is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Perceived usefulness is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perception that using the new technology will enhance or improve her/his performanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Davis,1993). In Addition, Laforet and Li, (2005) and Eriksson et al., (2005) defined the term perceived usefulness as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the subjective probability that using the technology would improve the way a user could completeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. We hypothesize that People tend to use an application to the extent they believe it will aid their performance. H1: Perceived us efulness (PU) has a positive effect on customer Intention to use Electronic banking. Perceived ease of use According to Davis (1989) perceived ease of use refers to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort. The most significant factor on adoption Internet Banking is ease of use. (Padachi et al., 2007). Hence an application perceived to be easier to use than another is more likely to be accepted by users. And By applying these to electronic banking context we can hypothesize that: H2: Perceived ease of use (PEOU) has a positive effect on customer Intention to use Electronic banking. Perceived Credibility Perceived credibility is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the degree to which a user feels the certainty and pleasant consequences of using an electronic application service, when there is no financial risk, physical risk, functional risk, social risk, time-loss risk, opportunity cost risk, and informatio n riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Jacoby and Kaplan (1972). However, (Ganesan,1994) present another definition of PC stating it as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the extent to which one partner believes that the other partner has the required expertise to perform the job effectively and reliably.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? PC is usually impersonal and relies on reputation, information and economic reasoning (Ba and Pavlou,2002). Wang et al. (2003) stated that perceived credibility is consists of two important elements namely privacy and security, which affect directly consumer adaptation of electronic banking systems. Security refers to the protection of information or systems from unauthorized intrusions (Egwali, 2008). For the purpose of this research, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“perceived credibilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (PC) is defined as usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ perception of protection of their transaction details and personal data against unauthorized access. Therefore, for studying the effect of perceived credibility on userà ¢Ã¢â €š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s acceptance in Bahrain electronic banking services, we pose the following hypothesis to determine it effect on userà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intention H3: perceived credibility has positive effect on customer Intention to use Electronic banking. 4. Methodology To assess the factors influencing the intention to use internet banking in Bahrain, a survey was conducted during the last quarter of year 2010. A Questionnaire were designed and distributed to retail users of banking services of different age group and of different educational level attained across the island. Survey Instrument The questionnaire we prepared for this exercise was divided into 2 sections. The first section concentrates on the general profile of the respondent including his/her age group, education level and profession and income group. In the second section we were interested in finding the factors affecting the customer intention to use internet banking in Bahrain. The respondents were provided with a list of 10 questions; 4 questions on perceived usefulness, 2 questions on perceived ease of use, 3 questions on perceived credibility and finally 1 question on intention to use. The participants were asked to indicate their perception on a likert scales (1 - 5) with response ranging from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“strongly disagreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“strongly agreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The collected data were analyzed based on correlation and regression analyses using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 17computer program. Data collection The questionnaires were distributed directly among the customers through the researchersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ friends and relatives, a sample of 400 people was randomly chosen from the Bahraini community, all participants were bank customers selected randomly from universities, malls, Internet cafÃÆ' ©s and businessmen from private and public sectors. Also A digital online form was created using Google Documents in the same questionnaire style, Then the link was shared and publicized to Bahrainià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s through email as well as posting it on discussion forums. Once a subject would answer the questionnaire, the raw data will automatically be logged in a spreadsheet which can be only accessed and downloaded by the researcher. Since the questionnaire form was to be submitted online it guaranteed two things: First, it targeted people who really access the internet. Second, because all questions are need to be answered before submitting. The collection of data will be done automatically, efficiently and there wonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be any loss of data The questionnaire we prepared and used had been pre-tested initially with a few number of people (5 users) working in different sectors to ensure consistency, clarity and relevance to the Bahraini case, Minor changes (related to the questions content, wording, sequence) were requested by those people, which we implemented before carrying out the final copy. A total of 200 useable responses were obtained yielding a response rate of 50% (200/400). Demographic profile of respondents: variable category Frequency Valid Percentage Age 18 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 25 25 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 35 35 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 45 45 yrs and above Gender Male Female Education Secondary and below Diploma Bachelor High studies Occupation Government sector Private Sector Self-employment Others Monthly Income in BD Less than 500 500-1000 1000 and above Assumptions or Limitations For this research, the following limitation existed in the collection of data, the survey assumed that the respondents have some familiarity with banks and banking transactions and have been exposed to or have knowledge of the existence of e-banking alternatives. For these responses in particular, it was difficult to ensure the true validity of the responses or the identity of the respondent. 5. RESULTS OF THE STUDY 6. DISCUSSION 7. CONCLUSION REFERENCES Aderonke and Charles. (2010). An Empirical Investigation of the Level of Usersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Acceptance of E-Banking in Nigeria. 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